Gender diversity in radiology: Shedding light on the 256 shades of grey.

Introduction: Despite medical school cohorts being composed of approximately 50% men and women, trainee positions in Clinical Radiology remain predominantly occupied by men. This study aims to identify reasons behind the gender gap, explore why more women are not pursuing a career in Clinical Radiology and to assess if there are gender differences in these reasons.

Methods: Prospective multi-centre study using a voluntary, anonymous questionnaire aimed at senior Medical Students and Junior Doctors.

The PECAn image and statistical analysis pipeline identifies Minute cell competition genes and features.

Investigating organ biology often requires methodologies to induce genetically distinct clones within a living tissue. However, the 3D nature of clones makes sample image analysis challenging and slow, limiting the amount of information that can be extracted manually. Here we develop PECAn, a pipeline for image processing and statistical data analysis of complex multi-genotype 3D images.

The Gr64 cluster of gustatory receptors promotes survival and proteostasis of epithelial cells in Drosophila.

Gustatory Receptor 64 (Gr64) genes are a cluster of 6 neuronally expressed receptors involved in sweet taste sensation in Drosophila melanogaster. Gr64s modulate calcium signalling and excitatory responses to several different sugars. Here, we discover an unexpected nonneuronal function of Gr64 receptors and show that they promote proteostasis in epithelial cells affected by proteotoxic stress.

Xrp1 and Irbp18 trigger a feed-forward loop of proteotoxic stress to induce the loser status.

Cell competition induces the elimination of less-fit "loser" cells by fitter "winner" cells. In Drosophila, cells heterozygous mutant in ribosome genes, Rp/+, known as Minutes, are outcompeted by wild-type cells. Rp/+ cells display proteotoxic stress and the oxidative stress response, which drive the loser status.

Team-based, problem-solving exercises using studies of diarrhea and oral rehydration encourage students to integrate knowledge of systems physiology.

We describe an inquiry activity that aims to develop students' ability to interpret findings that span whole body systems and so encourage the integration of knowledge. The scenario we choose was the physiological challenge posed by diarrhea and the physiological mechanisms that underpin oral rehydration therapy. Before the staff-facilitated inquiry activity, students engage with an online information resource and complete a formative, but mandatory, prelaboratory quiz.