Comparing outcomes of endovascular intervention vs bypass surgery for patients with chronic/critical limb ischemia.

Background: Chronic Limb Threat Ischemia (CLTI) is a severe form of peripheral arterial disease characterized by various symptoms including nonhealing wounds, ulcers and gangrene ultimately leading to a possible amputation. Therefore, revascularization either through endovascular intervention (EVI) or surgical bypass (SB) is an important step in management. Literature review of various studies including Randomized clinical trials (RCTs), Meta-analysis and observational studies show varied results with some studies suggesting better outcomes with EVI while majority of the others favors superiority of SB.

Structural and supramolecular insights into crystalline multicomponent systems of 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine with various carboxylic acids.

Three multicomponent systems, namely, 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-nicotinic acid (DAPT-NA), CHN·CHNO, (I), 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium hydrogen malonate (DAPT-MMA), CHN·CHO, (II), and 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium hydrogen (+)-dibenzoyl-D-tartarate (DAPT-DBTA), CHN·CHO, (III), have been synthesized and characterized via single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and their supramolecular interactions have been analysed. The formation of cocrystal (I) and salts (II) and (III) was confirmed through the widening of the C-N-C bond angle of the triazine moiety of 2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine and the difference in the C-O bond distances between the carboxyl and carboxylate groups of the respective carboxylic acids. Cocrystal (I) and salt (II) form robust homomeric and heteromeric R(8) ring motifs through primary acid-base interactions and complementary base pairing.

Frozen by Heating: Temperature Controlled Dynamic States in Droplet Microswimmers.

Self-propelling active matter relies on the conversion of energy from the undirected, nanoscopic scale to directed, macroscopic motion. One of the challenges in the design of synthetic active matter lies in the control of dynamic states, or motility gaits. Here, an experimental system of self-propelling droplets with thermally controllable and reversible dynamic states is presented, from unsteady over meandering to persistent to arrested motion.