Publications by authors named "P L Kranz"
Background: Systematic reviews have documented the beneficial effects of bupropion, cytisine, nicotine, and varenicline as aids to permanent smoking cessation. We investigated the question whether the effect of treatment depends on the severity of tobacco dependence.
Methods: We systematically searched for relevant publications in bibliographic databases and trial registries, made inquiries to manufacturers, and consulted additional sources of information (last search on 1 September 2022).
Results of health technology assessments of orphan drugs in Germany-lack of added benefit, evidence gaps, and persisting unmet medical needs.
Int J Technol Assess Health Care
December 2024
Background: The number of orphan drug (OD) approvals has increased sharply in Europe. In Germany, all ODs are initially subject to a limited assessment after market access. Their added benefit over the standard of care is accepted as established upon EU approval; a regular health technology assessment (HTA) is performed only in certain cases.
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- Spontaneous intracranial hypotension is primarily caused by spinal CSF leaks, mostly reported in adults, but this report focuses on its occurrence in children.
- Recent advances in specialized myelography techniques have improved the localization of these leaks, yet there's been limited research in the pediatric population due to the rarity of the condition and concerns about invasive procedures.
- This study reviews pediatric cases with spontaneously occurring spinal CSF leaks, identifying similar leak types found in adults, and demonstrates that advanced imaging techniques can effectively pinpoint and aid in the treatment of these leaks.
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates factors affecting the visibility of CSF-venous fistulas (CVF) on specialized myelographic imaging, focusing on timing of imaging and contrast density.
- A cohort of 24 patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension underwent 34 CT myelographies to analyze the relationship between contrast density in the subarachnoid space and visibility of CVFs.
- Results indicate that higher contrast density significantly correlates with better visibility of CVFs, whereas the timing of imaging does not have a significant impact on their visibility.
Spinal CSF leak care has evolved during the past several years due to pivotal advances in its diagnosis and treatment. To the reader of the (), it has been impossible to miss the exponential increase in groundbreaking research on spinal CSF leaks and spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). While many clinical specialties have contributed to these successes, the neuroradiologist has been instrumental in driving this transformation due to innovations in noninvasive imaging, novel myelographic techniques, and image-guided therapies.
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