Effect of chemically synthesized psilocybin and psychedelic mushroom extract on molecular and metabolic profiles in mouse brain.

Psilocybin, a naturally occurring, tryptamine alkaloid prodrug, is currently being investigated for the treatment of a range of psychiatric disorders. Preclinical reports suggest that the biological effects of psilocybin-containing mushroom extract or "full spectrum" (psychedelic) mushroom extract (PME), may differ from those of chemically synthesized psilocybin (PSIL). We compared the effects of PME to those of PSIL on the head twitch response (HTR), neuroplasticity-related synaptic proteins and frontal cortex metabolomic profiles in male C57Bl/6j mice.

Taking a leadership role: Gender issues and gender equity in the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry (RANZCP).

Objectives: This article explores the increasing number of medical women speaking out about gender inequity and sexual harassment, using the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatry Congress 2022 as a reference. It explores the barriers for women in medical leadership known under the themes of capacity, perceived capability, and credibility and how this relates to experiences for women at work.

Conclusions: Sexual harms occur in the context of ongoing gender bias in our profession, even at college events.

Intramuscular mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 induces neutralizing salivary IgA.

Intramuscularly administered vaccines stimulate robust serum neutralizing antibodies, yet they are often less competent in eliciting sustainable "sterilizing immunity" at the mucosal level. Our study uncovers a strong temporary neutralizing mucosal component of immunity, emanating from intramuscular administration of an mRNA vaccine. We show that saliva of BNT162b2 vaccinees contains temporary IgA targeting the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 spike protein and demonstrate that these IgAs mediate neutralization.

Predictors of mortality among people living with HIV in the test and treat era within rural Uganda: a retrospective cohort study.

: Uganda adopted the test and treat strategy in 2016 where all people living with HIV are initiated on antiretroviral drugs irrespective of CD4 count and WHO clinical stage, as one of the major strategies to end the HIV epidemic by 2030. Despite these measures, there are still more than 2 000 HIV-related death annually. The study aim was to determine the mortality rate and factors predictive of mortality in the test and treat era among people living with HIV in rural Uganda.

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure bone mineral density (BMD) for diagnosis of osteoporosis - experimental data from artificial vertebrae confirms significant dependence on bone size.

Introduction: The WHO definition of osteoporosis, and published BMD (Bone Mineral Density) references ranges, do not consider differences in bone size. Because it is a two-dimensional technique, and cannot measure bone depth, aBMD (areal BMD) measured using DXA (Dual-energy X-Ray Absorptiometry) is affected by bone size variability. Mathematical models have been devised to correct aBMD for bone size, but these are confounded by variations in soft tissue surrounding bone.