Background: Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is a severe kidney disorder characterized by edema, massive proteinuria, and hypoalbuminemia that manifests or within three months after birth. CNS affects 1-3 per 100,000 children, primarily associated with genetic variants and occasionally with infections. Genetic analysis is the first-line method for diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Anemia exhibits complex causation mechanisms and genetic heterogeneity. Some cases result in poor outcomes with multisystemic dysfunction, including renal tubulopathy. Early diagnosis is crucial to improve management.
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