Adaptation of potato cultivars to phosphorus variability and enhancement of phosphorus efficiency by Bacillus subtilis.

Background: Plants utilize a variety of mechanisms to adapt to fluctuations in phosphorus (P) availability. Potatoes, in comparison to other crops, often display reduced phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) due to their underdeveloped root systems; therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying PUE is critical for improving it. This study aimed to evaluate the morphological and physiological responses of potatoes to different P levels, with a focus on root system alterations and PUE.

Mycoviruses Increase the Attractiveness of for Fungivores and Suppress Production of the Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol.

RNA viruses of the genera , , , and were found in a single isolate of . The genomes of the mitovirus, sclerotimonavirus, and partitivirus were assigned to previously described viruses, whereas the ambivirus genome putatively represents a new species, named 1 (FgAV1). To investigate the effect of mycoviruses on the fungal phenotype, the spontaneous loss of mycoviruses during meiosis and the transmission of mycoviruses into a new strain via anastomosis were used to obtain isogenic strains both with and without mycoviruses.

The Role of Mycotoxins in Interactions between and Growing in Saprophytic Cultures and Co-Infecting Maize Plants.

() and () co-occur in infected plants and plant residues. In maize ears, the growth of is stimulated while is suppressed. To elucidate the role of mycotoxins in these effects, we used mutants with disrupted synthesis of nivalenol (NIV) and deoxynivalenol (DON) and a mutant with disrupted synthesis of fumonisins to monitor fungal growth in mixed cultures in vitro and in co-infected plants by real-time PCR.

Characterization of Peroxidase and Laccase Gene Families and In Silico Identification of Potential Genes Involved in Upstream Steps of Lignan Formation in Sesame.

Peroxidases and laccases are oxidative enzymes involved in physiological processes in plants, covering responses to biotic and abiotic stress as well as biosynthesis of health-promoting specialized metabolites. Although they are thought to be involved in the biosynthesis of (+)-pinoresinol, a comprehensive investigation of this class of enzymes has not yet been conducted in the emerging oil crop sesame and no information is available regarding the potential (+)-pinoresinol synthase genes in this crop. In the present study, we conducted a pan-genome-wide identification of peroxidase and laccase genes coupled with transcriptome profiling of diverse sesame varieties.