Publications by authors named "P Kapahi"
Background: Here, we assessed the role of the advanced glycation end-product (AGE) precursor methylglyoxal (MGO) and its non-crosslinking AGE MGO-derived hydroimidazolone (MGH)-1 in aortic stiffening and explored the potential of a glycation stress-lowering compound (Gly-Low) to mitigate these effects.
Methods: Young (3-6 month) C57BL/6 mice were supplemented with MGO (in water) and Gly-Low (in chow). Aortic stiffness was assessed in vivo via pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ex vivo through elastic modulus.
Unlabelled: Growth hormone (GH) plays a crucial role in various physiological functions, with its secretion tightly regulated by complex endocrine mechanisms. Pathological conditions such as acromegaly or pituitary tumors result in elevated circulating GH levels, which have been implicated in a spectrum of metabolic disorders, potentially by regulating liver metabolism. In this study, we focused on the liver, a key organ in metabolic regulation and a primary target of GH, to investigate the impact of high circulating GH on liver metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe advanced glycation end products (AGEs) Webinar was co-hosted by Diabetes Technology Society and Kitalys Institute on August 8, 2024, with the goal of reviewing progress made in the measurement and use of AGEs in clinical practice. Meeting topics included (1) AGEs as predictors of diabetic nephropathy (DKD), (2) hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) and the glycation gap (GG), (3) formation and structure of AGEs, (4) AGEs as a risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and (5) approaches to limit or prevent AGE formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Dietary restriction (DR) can improve lifespan and healthspan, but individual responses depend on genetics, particularly metabolism-related variations.
- The study analyzed data from Drosophila and human cohorts to understand how different genotypes respond to dietary changes, using computational methods like random forest modeling and Mendelian randomization.
- Key findings include the identification of specific metabolites (like orotate and threonine) that affect lifespan and healthspan traits, suggesting potential therapeutic pathways for diet-based interventions.
Article Synopsis
- Aging reflects a decline in the effectiveness of natural selection with age; the antagonistic pleiotropic theory suggests that aging arises from trade-offs that enhance early growth and reproduction, although human evidence is limited.
- Using Mendelian Randomization, the research found that later ages of menarche and childbirth are linked to longer parental lifespan, reduced frailty, slower epigenetic aging, later menopause, and a lower risk of age-related diseases.
- The study identified 128 genetic variants related to age-related outcomes, connecting early reproductive years with significantly higher risks of diseases like type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and obesity, thus supporting the antagonistic pleiotropy theory.