Molecular diversity among viroids infecting chrysanthemum in India.

Association of Chrysanthemum stunt viroid (CSVd) and Chrysanthemum chlorotic mottle viroid (CChMVd) with the Chrysanthemum plants exhibiting severe stunting, distinct yellow leaf mottling, and chlorosis was detected in the main chrysanthemum-growing regions of India. Sequence analysis of 90 cDNA clones obtained for CSVd and CChMVd, representing the chrysanthemum-growing regions of India, revealed the high degree of sequence variation throughout the genome under natural conditions. Additionally, all the analyzed CChMVd clones revealed the presence of UUUC in the tetraloop, a signature of symptomatic variants in susceptible cultivars.

A sensitive and reliable RT-nested PCR assay for detection of Citrus tristeza virus from naturally infected citrus plants.

A specific and sensitive reverse transcriptase-nested polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-nPCR) was developed for the detection of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) from naturally infected citrus samples. Two sets of primer pairs were designed by alignment of nucleotide sequences available in GenBank database for different genotypes of CTV. RT-nPCR reaction components and thermal cycling parameters were optimized and reaction conditions were standardized.

Natural Occurrence of Toxigenic Fusarium proliferatum on Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) in Karnataka, India.

Contamination of paddy seeds (rice with husk) by Fusarium species can cause spoilage and subsequent production of mycotoxins, especially fumonisins that affect human and animal health. A mycological study was conducted to evaluate the natural occurrence of fumonisin B1 produced by Fusarium proliferatum on paddy grown in different geographic regions of Karnataka (India). A total of 65 isolates of F.

Detection of fumonisin producing Fusarium verticillioides in paddy (Oryza sativa L.) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

The study reports the occurrence of fumonisin producing Fusarium verticillioides in 90 samples of stored paddy (Oryza sativa L.) collected from different geographical regions of Karnataka, India. Fumonisin producing F.