A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for the insecticide dimethoate.

1. Dimethoate is an organophosphate insecticide that is converted to omethoate, the active toxic moiety. Omethoate inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the brain and red blood cells (RBCs).

Determination of enzymatic kinetics of metabolism of dimethoate and omethoate in rats and humans.

1. Dimethoate is an organophosphate insecticide. The objective of this work was to determine the enzymatic kinetics of metabolism of dimethoate and its active metabolite omethoate in rats and humans and obtain key input parameters for physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model.

Utility and safety of early allograft biopsy in adult deceased donor kidney transplant recipients.

Introduction: Delayed graft function (DGF) is considered a risk factor for rejection after kidney transplantation (KTx). Clinical guidelines recommend weekly allograft biopsy until DGF resolves. However, who may benefit the most from such an aggressive policy and when histology should be evaluated remain debated.

Evaluation of Watershed-Scale Simulations of In-Stream Pesticide Concentrations from Off-Target Spray Drift.

The estimation of pesticide concentrations in surface water bodies is a critical component of the environmental risk assessment process required by regulatory agencies in North America, the European Union, and elsewhere. Pesticide transport to surface waters via deposition from off-field spray drift can be an important route of potential contamination. The spatial orientation of treated fields relative to receiving water bodies make prediction of off-target pesticide spray drift deposition and resulting aquatic estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) challenging at the watershed scale.

A refined ecological risk assessment for California red-legged frog, Delta smelt, and California tiger salamander exposed to malathion.

The California red-legged frog (CRLF), Delta smelt (DS), and California tiger salamander (CTS) are 3 species listed under the United States Federal Endangered Species Act (ESA), all of which inhabit aquatic ecosystems in California. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has conducted deterministic screening-level risk assessments for these species potentially exposed to malathion, an organophosphorus insecticide and acaricide. Results from our screening-level analyses identified potential risk of direct effects to DS as well as indirect effects to all 3 species via reduction in prey.