Modelling cortical cataractogenesis XXIV: uptake by the lens of glutathione injected into the rat.

Purpose: Work of several groups including ours has shown that injection of glutathione may help to prevent the formation of cataract in the rat lens both in vitro and in vivo. These experiments were initiated to investigate the mechanism by which injected glutathione reaches the lens in vivo. The route is uncertain, but might involve either aqueous or vitreous humors, in contact with the lens anterior and posterior, respectively.

51Cr release and oxidative stress in the lens.

Examination of the opaque areas of human cortical cataracts has shown that a large portion of the opacity could be attributed to the globules found there. We tested models involving globule formation as a result of oxidative damage to rat lens cells in culture and whole chick embryo lenses. When cell monolayers from a lens cell line were exposed to oxidizing conditions they developed globules on the cell surface.

In vitro studies of microwave-induced cataract. II. Comparison of damage observed for continuous wave and pulsed microwaves.

Depth of damage caused by pulsed (PU) and continuous wave (CW) microwaves was estimated by scanning electron microscopy in rat lenses fixed immediately, after irradiation in vitro in circulating thermostatically controlled buffered saline. Pulses of 10 microseconds width and 24 kW peak power were delivered to the lens at different repetition rates in order to permit the same total energy to be delivered during 6, 20 or 60 min of irradiation at specific absorption rate (SAR) values of 0, 5.75, 11.

The use of guanidinium chloride in the preparation of stable cellular homogenates containing ATP.

Rat eye lenses were prepared for ATP determination by homogenization in 8 M guanidinium chloride-0.01 M EDTA. Standards of ATP were made up in the same solution.

Modelling cortical cataractogenesis VII: Effects of vitamin E treatment on galactose-induced cataracts.

The possibility that vitamin E or other antioxidants might prevent cataracts was tested by incubating rat lenses in vitro in galactose-enriched medium or by treating rats fed a diet containing 50% galactose (w/w). The vitamin E was added to the medium at 2.4 microM, and to the diet at a level of 5 g kg-1 diet.