Publications by authors named "P J Rathouz"
Purpose: Earlier work has established developmental benchmarks for intelligibility and articulation rate, but the intersection of these two variables, especially within individual children, has received limited attention. This study examines the interaction between intelligibility and speaking rate in typically developing children between the ages 2;6 and 9;11 (years;months) and evaluates whether children show a speed-accuracy trade-off in their habitual speech production.
Method: Speech samples of varying lengths were collected from 538 typically developing children.
Article Synopsis
- - This study explored how trauma exposure, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and perceived social support relate to each other among a diverse group of 1,829 children and adolescents aged 8-21 who have experienced trauma.
- - It found that higher trauma burden resulted in lower perceived social support from family and peers, especially for those with interpersonal trauma, but this effect was more pronounced in youth without a PTSD diagnosis.
- - The research also revealed that being assigned female at birth correlated with more perceived support from family but less from close friends, emphasizing the complex dynamics between trauma, mental health, and social relationships.
Background: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent in veterans and associated with impairments in family functioning, including parenting. There is a bidirectional relationship between PTSD and familial functioning such that impaired functioning is related to increases in trauma-related symptoms, and vice versa. Despite this known bidirectional association, there is currently no trauma-informed parenting intervention available for veterans within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA major obstacle hindering the broad adoption of polygenic scores (PGS) is their lack of "portability" to people that differ-in genetic ancestry or other characteristics-from the GWAS samples in which genetic effects were estimated. Here, we use the UK Biobank to measure the change in PGS prediction accuracy as a continuous function of individuals' genome-wide genetic dissimilarity to the GWAS sample ("genetic distance"). Our results highlight three gaps in our understanding of PGS portability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Certain environmental allergen exposures are more common in disadvantaged communities and may contribute to differences in susceptibility to upper respiratory infections (URIs).
Objectives: We examined associations between indoor allergens and: (1) URI; (2) URI + cold symptoms; (3) URI + cold symptoms + pulmonary eosinophilic inflammation (fraction of exhaled nitric oxide ≥20 ppb); and (4) URI + cold symptoms + reduced lung function (percent predicted forced expiratory volume in 1 second of <80%).
Methods: We used data from the Environmental Control as Add-on Therapy for Childhood Asthma (ECATCh) study.