Endobronchial Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacterium Infection Presenting in a Healthy Child.

Objectives: To describe a safe and effective treatment for endobronchial Mycobacterium avium complex.

Methods: Case report and literature review.

Results: We present a case of endobronchial M.

Spontaneous retropharyngeal and mediastinal thoracic duct cyst in an infant with respiratory distress.

Thoracic duct cysts (TDC) within the retropharyngeal space and mediastinum are exceedingly rare lesions, with the majority related to trauma or neoplasm. We describe a case of an otherwise healthy 8-month-old boy who presented with severe respiratory distress, which was found to be caused by a large, spontaneous TDC occupying most the retropharyngeal and mediastinal space. To our knowledge, this is the youngest patient to date presenting with TDC.

A 7-year review of the safety of tonsillectomy during short-term medical mission trips.

Objective: To evaluate the safety of tonsillectomy in a short-term medical mission setting.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Catholic mission hospital in Guatemala.

Practice patterns after tracheotomy in infants younger than 2 years.

Objectives: To report survey results of members of the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) on the practice patterns of surveillance endoscopy and management of suprastomal granuloma (SSG) in children younger than 2 years with indwelling tracheostomy tubes and to review our internal practice patterns.

Patients: All patients younger than 2 years who underwent tracheotomy between 1996 and 2006 at a tertiary children's hospital.

Interventions: (1) Retrospective medical chart summary and (2) ASPO-approved and -administered online surveys to the membership of a 14-question survey on indications for infant tracheotomy, indications for bronchoscopy after tracheotomy, and treatment preferences for SSG in this population.

Emergence delirium and postoperative pain in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy: a comparison of propofol vs sevoflurane anesthesia.

Background: Emergence delirium (ED) is a frequent postoperative complication in young children undergoing ENT procedures and it may be exacerbated by sevoflurane anesthesia whereas propofol maintenance has been suggested to decrease the incidence of ED. The aim of this randomized, prospective, double-blind study was to evaluate the effect of sevoflurane vs propofol anesthesia on the quality of recovery after adenotonsillectomy.

Methods: Forty-two patients were randomized to maintenance with either propofol or sevoflurane for adenotonsillectomy.