Antifibrotic activities of Scutellariae Radix extracts and flavonoids: Comparative proteomics reveals distinct and shared mechanisms.

Background: Scutellariae Radix (SR), the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and SR flavonoids have antifibrotic activities. It remains obscure, however, amongst SR aqueous extract (SRA), SR methanolic extract (SRM) and five major SR flavonoids (baicalein, baicalin, wogonoside, wogonin and oroxyloside), which ones are the most promising antifibrotics and what their mechanisms are.

Purpose: To compare the antifibrotic activities of SR extracts and flavonoids, and the proteomic signatures of selected SR extract and flavonoid, versus IN1130 phosphate, an antifibrotic positive control (abbreviated as IN1130), in TGF-β1-induced in vitro model of fibrosis in NRK-49F renal fibroblasts.

Proteomic landscape of TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis in renal fibroblasts.

Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays a premier role in fibrosis. To understand the molecular events underpinning TGF-β1-induced fibrogenesis, we examined the proteomic profiling of a TGF-β1-induced in vitro model of fibrosis in NRK-49F normal rat kidney fibroblasts. Mass spectrometric analysis indicated that 628 cell-lysate proteins enriched in 44 cellular component clusters, 24 biological processes and 27 molecular functions were regulated by TGF-β1.

Metabolomics reveals immunomodulation as a possible mechanism for the antibiotic effect of (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) H.Gross.

Introduction: In spite of advances in antibiotics, urinary tract infection (UTI) is still among the most common reasons for antibiotic medication worldwide. (Buch.-Ham.

Metabolic phenotyping in the mouse model of urinary tract infection shows that 3-hydroxybutyrate in plasma is associated with infection.

Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide. Current diagnosis of urinary tract infection chiefly relies on its clinical presentation, urine dipstick tests and urine culture. Small molecules found in bio-fluids related with both infection and recovery would facilitate diagnosis and management of UTI.

Proanthocyanidin trimer gallate modulates lipid deposition and fatty acid desaturation in .

The incidence of obesity is rising at an alarming rate. Despite its recognition as an urgent healthcare concern, obesity remains largely an unsolved medical problem. A comprehensive screen for functional dietary phytochemicals identified proanthocyanidins as putative targets to ameliorate obesity.