Comparative Neuroexcitation Patterns Using fNIRS in Women With Overactive Bladder.

Importance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a noninvasive technique used to quantify prefrontal cortex (PFC) neuroexcitation. The PFC is involved in the decision to void, and dysfunction in the region has been associated with overactive bladder (OAB). This study demonstrates neuroexcitation differences in the brain region associated with the decision to void (prefrontal cortex) using noninvasive fNIRS.

Seasonal Influenza in Children With Cancer.

Influenza is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for pediatric cancer patients. We review important aspects in the management of influenza, including virology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, and antiviral treatment. Topics that are addressed include optimal treatment of influenza in children with cancer as well as strategies for prevention.

Advancing Intraoperative Assessment of Urethral Stricture Anatomic Variation: A Prospective Proof-of-Concept Study.

Introduction: Urethral strictures, particularly those refractory to endoscopic interventions, are commonly treated through open urethroplasty. However, predicting recurrence in homogeneous patient populations remains challenging.

Methods: To address this, we developed an intraoperative urethral stricture assessment tool aiming to identify comprehensive risk predictors.

Intratumoral Influenza Vaccine Administration Attenuates Breast Cancer Growth and Restructures the Tumor Microenvironment through Sialic Acid Binding of Vaccine Hemagglutinin.

Breast cancer continues to have a high disease burden worldwide and presents an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes. The influenza vaccine offers a unique approach to enhance the anti-tumor immune response in patients with breast cancer. Our study explores the intratumoral use of the influenza vaccine in a triple-negative 4T1 mouse model of breast cancer.

A stepwise approach for functional near infrared spectroscopy measurement during natural bladder filling.

Background: Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a versatile, noninvasive, and inexpensive tool that can be used to measure oxyhemoglobin (OHb) changes in the cortical brain caused by increasing bladder sensation during filling in upright posture. This study's purpose is to provide a rigorous methodologic template that can be implemented for comparative studies of fNIRS in the diagnosis and management of lower urinary tract symptoms including overactive bladder (OAB) and other forms of lower urinary tract dysfunction.

Methods: Participants without any urologic conditions completed a validated oral hydration protocol facilitating and equilibrating natural bladder filling.