Lead-containing radiation-attenuating sterile gloves in simulated use: Lead transfer to sweat as an unknown risk to users.

Background: Lead protective gloves are widely used to attenuate scattered radiations during fluoroscopic-guided medical procedures, thereby reducing hand exposure to radiation.

Aims: To determine whether lead-containing gloves present a risk of metal leaching onto the operator's skin, particularly due to the presence of sweat.

Methods: Artificial sweat of varying acidity was introduced into two types of commercial gloves containing lead.

Attosecond Imaging of Electronic Wave Packets.

An electronic wave packet has significant spatial evolution besides its temporal evolution, due to the delocalized nature of composing electronic states. The spatial evolution was not previously accessible to experimental investigations at the attosecond timescale. A phase-resolved two-electron-angular-streaking method is developed to image the shape of the hole density of an ultrafast spin-orbit wave packet in the krypton cation.

Carrier-Envelope Phase Controlling of Ion Momentum Distributions in Strong Field Double Ionization of Methyl Iodide.

In strong field ionization of methyl iodide initiated by elliptically polarized few-cycle pulses, a significant correlation was observed between the carrier-envelope phases (CEPs) of the laser and the preferred ejection direction of methyl cation arising from dissociative double ionization. This was attributed to the carrier-envelope phase dependent double ionization yields of methyl iodide. This observation provides a new way for monitoring the absolute CEPs of few-cycle pulses by observing the ion momentum distributions.

Ionization of HCCI Neutral and Cations by Strong Laser Fields Simulated With Time Dependent Configuration Interaction.

Strong field ionization of neutral iodoacetylene (HCCI) can produce a coherent superposition of the X and A cations. This superposition results in charge migration between the CC orbital and the iodine -type lone pair which can be monitored by strong field ionization with short, intense probe pulses. Strong field ionization of the X and A states of HCCI cation was simulated with time-dependent configuration interaction using singly ionized configurations and singly excited, singly ionized configurations (TD-CISD-IP) and an absorbing boundary.

Ellipticity controlled dissociative double ionization of ethane by strong fields.

The yields of all dissociation channels of ethane dications produced by strong field double ionization were measured. It was found that the branching ratios can be controlled by varying the ellipticity of laser pulses. The CH formation and H formation channels show a clear competition, producing the highest and lowest branching ratios at ellipticity of ∼0.