[Techniques for imaging optic disc vasculature in glaucomatous optic neuropathy: A review of the literature].

The anatomy and vasculature of the optic nerve head are complex and subject to numerous variations. The main risk factor for glaucomatous optic neuropathy is elevated intraocular pressure, but many other factors have been identified. A vascular component seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis and/or progression of glaucomatous optic neuropathy, either under the influence of ocular hypertension or as an independent risk factor, particularly as in normal tension glaucoma (NTG).

Interferon response and epigenetic modulation by mutations drive ovarian tumor immunogenicity.

Cell-intrinsic mechanisms of immunogenicity in ovarian cancer (OC) are not well understood. Damaging mutations in the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, such as (BRG1), are associated with improved response to immune checkpoint blockade; however, the mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. We found that loss in OC models resulted in increased cancer cell-intrinsic immunogenicity, characterized by up-regulation of long-terminal RNA repeats, increased expression of interferon-stimulated genes, and up-regulation of antigen presentation machinery.

Retinoid X Receptor Signaling Mediates Cancer Cell Lipid Metabolism in the Leptomeninges.

Cancer cells metastatic to the leptomeninges encounter a metabolically-challenging extreme microenvironment. To understand adaptations to this space, we subjected leptomeningeal-metastatic (LeptoM) mouse breast and lung cancers isolated from either the leptomeninges or orthotopic primary sites to ATAC-and RNA-sequencing. When inhabiting the leptomeninges, the LeptoM cells demonstrated transcription downstream of retinoid-X-receptors (RXRs).

Three-Dimensional Microarchitecture of Lamina Cribrosa Pores in High and Normal Tension Glaucoma Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

Prcis: The lamina cribrosa (LC) pores of patients with high-tension glaucoma (HTG) appear to take a more tortuous pathway than the LC pores of patients with non-glaucomatous (NG).

Objective: To compare the LC pore microarchitecture in patients with HTG, normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and NG, by reconstructions of the LC made from tomographic images.

Patients And Methods: Spectral domain-optical coherence tomography images of 52 eyes (18 NG, 18 HTG, and 16 NTG) of 29 patients were analyzed.

[Glaucoma surgeries: Long-term results - A review].

The surgical treatment of glaucoma has been and is still based on filtering surgeries, commonly used for about half a century. The safety and efficacy of these techniques have been well described, as it has also been done for cyclophotocoagulation and valves or tubes, indicated in France mostly for refractory glaucoma. Minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries have emerged in recent decades, increasing the number of therapeutic options, and allowing treatment decisions to be as patient-centered as possible.