Teaching oral and maxillofacial pathology and oral medicine in undergraduate and postgraduate in Latin America.

Background: Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology (OP) and Oral Medicine (OM) are specialties in dentistry responsible for diagnosis and management of diseases affecting the oral and maxillofacial regions, and to best of our knowledge no information about teaching of OP and OM in undergraduate and postgraduate courses in Latin America have been described. The aim of the present study was to evaluate dimensions related to the teaching of OP and OM in South America and Mexico.

Material And Methods: A structured questionnaire was elaborated and sent to 10 countries, with a professional in each country responsible for answering it.

Evaluating ChatGPT-4 for the Interpretation of Images from Several Diagnostic Techniques in Gastroenterology.

Several artificial intelligence systems based on large language models (LLMs) have been commercially developed, with recent interest in integrating them for clinical questions. Recent versions now include image analysis capacity, but their performance in gastroenterology remains untested. This study assesses ChatGPT-4's performance in interpreting gastroenterology images.

Explainable AI in Digestive Healthcare and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

An important impediment to the incorporation of artificial intelligence-based tools into healthcare is their association with so-called black box medicine, a concept arising due to their complexity and the difficulties in understanding how they reach a decision. This situation may compromise the clinician's trust in these tools, should any errors occur, and the inability to explain how decisions are reached may affect their relationship with patients. Explainable AI (XAI) aims to overcome this limitation by facilitating a better understanding of how AI models reach their conclusions for users, thereby enhancing trust in the decisions reached.

Comparing International Guidelines for the Remission of Hypertension After Bariatric Surgery.

Background/objectives: Obesity remains a global health concern and is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease overall. Dissimilar hypertension guidelines are available for clinicians, namely those prepared by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), which may lead to distinctive appreciation of health outcomes of patients with obesity after bariatric and metabolic surgery, such as hypertension remission. The main goal of this study was to compare the effects of applying stricter (AHA) versus looser (ESC) blood pressure criteria on hypertension diagnosis pre-bariatric surgery and remission assessment one year post-op.