European S2k guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa part 2: Treatment.

Introduction: This second part of the S2k guidelines is an update of the 2015 S1 European guidelines.

Objective: These guidelines aim to provide an accepted decision aid for the selection, implementation and assessment of appropriate and sufficient therapy for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS).

Methods: The chapters have been selected after a Delphi procedure among the experts/authors.

Source-sink manipulations through shading, crop load and water deficit affect plant morphogenesis and carbon sink priorities leading to contrasted plant carbon status in grapevine.

Backgrounds And Aims: Shading, water deficit, and crop load shape plant development in a very plastic way. They directly influence the plant's carbon supply and demand to and from the different organs via metabolic, hydraulic and hormonal mechanisms. However, how the multiple environmental factors combine through these mechanisms and how they interplay with carbon status, vegetative and reproductive development and carbon assimilation of the plant needs to be investigated in the context of current climatic and technological constraints.