Publications by authors named "P Gual"
Background And Aims: Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is one of the leading causes of severe liver disease with limited pharmacological treatments for alcohol-related steatohepatitis (ASH). CD44, a glycoprotein mainly expressed in immune cells, has been implicated in multiple inflammatory diseases but has never been studied in the ALD context. We therefore studied its contribution to ASH development in mice and its expression in ALD patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough senescent cells can be eliminated by the immune system, they tend to accumulate with age in various tissues. Here we show that senescent cells can evade immune clearance by natural killer (NK) cells by upregulating the expression of the disialylated ganglioside GD3 at their surface. The increased level of GD3 expression on senescent cells that naturally occurs upon aging in liver, lung, kidney or bones leads to a strong suppression of NK-cell-mediated immunosurveillance.
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- - Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is prevalent among obese individuals and shows differences between sexes. A study sought to create a noninvasive blood test using mid-infrared (MIR) metabolic fingerprinting to diagnose metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in those with severe obesity.
- - The study involved 382 patients undergoing bariatric surgery, with liver biopsies assessed to establish a scoring algorithm based on MIR spectroscopy. In women, MASH was diagnosed in 14.3% of cases, showing high sensitivity (86%) and specificity (81%) for correctly identifying the condition.
- - For men, the test's performance was notably less effective, with a MASH diagnosis
The prevalence of diabetes steadily increases worldwide mirroring the prevalence of obesity. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is activated in diabetes and contributes to β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis through the activation of a terminal unfolded protein response (UPR). Our results uncover a new role for Bax Inhibitor-One (BI-1), a negative regulator of inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1α) in preserving β-cell health against terminal UPR-induced apoptosis and pyroptosis in the context of supraphysiological loads of insulin production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) score is an accurate, noninvasive test for assessing the severity of liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease, including alcohol-related liver disease. However, whether the ELF score changes during alcohol withdrawal is unknown. This pilot study assessed changes in the ELF score during withdrawal in patients with a history of excessive alcohol intake.
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