DeepFocus: a transnasal approach for optimized deep brain stimulation of reward circuit nodes.

Objective: Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) is an effective technique to modulate brain activity and treat diseases. However, TES is primarily used to stimulate superficial brain regions and is unable to reach deeper targets. The spread of injected currents in the head is affected by volume conduction and the additional spreading of currents as they move through head layers with different conductivities, as is discussed in [1].

Communicating hydrocephalus following stereotactic radiosurgery for periventricular meningiomas: illustrative cases.

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is a well-established option for the management of intracranial tumors, including meningiomas. Although valued for its low invasiveness and precision, it still carries a risk of complications. Communicating hydrocephalus is a serious, albeit rarely reported, complication of SRS.

Topological confinement by a membrane anchor suppresses phase separation into protein aggregates: Implications for prion diseases.

Protein misfolding and aggregation are a hallmark of various neurodegenerative disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms driving protein misfolding in the cellular context are incompletely understood. Here, we show that the two-dimensional confinement imposed by a membrane anchor stabilizes the native protein conformation and suppresses liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and protein aggregation.

Mechanochemical topological defects in an active nematic.

We propose a reaction-diffusion system that converts topological information of an active nematic into chemical signals. We show that a curvature-activated reaction dipole is sufficient for creating a system that dynamically senses topology by producing a concentration field possessing local extrema coinciding with ±1/2 defects. The enabling term is analogous to polarization charge density seen in dielectric materials.

Treatment sequence with tebentafusp and immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma and metastatic GNA11/GNAQ mutant melanocytic tumors.

Background: Metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) is rare. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown modest efficacy in mUM. Tebentafusp prolonged overall survival (OS) in a phase 3 study.