Extensive Secondary Cratering From the InSight Sol 1034a Impact Event.

Impact cratering is one of the fundamental processes throughout the history of the Solar System. The formation of new impact craters on planetary bodies has been observed with repeat images from orbiting satellites. However, the time gap between images is often large enough to preclude detailed analysis of smaller-scale features such as secondary impact craters, which are often removed or buried over a short time period.

A Low Albedo, Thin, Resistant Unit in Oxia Planum, Mars: Evidence for an Airfall Deposit and Late-Stage Groundwater Activity at the ExoMars Rover Landing Site.

Oxia Planum, Mars, is the future landing site of the ExoMars rover mission, which will search for preserved biosignatures in a phyllosilicate-bearing unit. Overlying the mission-important phyllosilicate-bearing rocks is a dark, capping unit-known here as the Low albedo, Thin, Resistant (LTR) unit-which may have protected the phyllosilicate-bearing unit over geologic time from solar insolation and radiation. However, little is known about the origin of the LTR unit.

Estimating network dimension when the spectrum struggles.

What is the dimension of a network? Here, we view it as the smallest dimension of Euclidean space into which nodes can be embedded so that pairwise distances accurately reflect the connectivity structure. We show that a recently proposed and extremely efficient algorithm for data clouds, based on computing first- and second-nearest neighbour distances, can be used as the basis of an approach for estimating the dimension of a network with weighted edges. We also show how the algorithm can be extended to unweighted networks when combined with spectral embedding.

Cognition and Consciousness Entwined.

We argue that cognition (information processing) and internal phenomenological sensations, including emotions, are intimately related and are not separable. We aver that phenomenological sensations are dynamical "modes" of firing behaviour that (i) exist over time and over large parts of the cortex's neuron-to-neuron network and (ii) are consequences of the network-of-networks architecture, coupling the individual neuronal dynamics and the necessary time delay incurred by neuron-to-neuron transmission: if you possess those system properties, then you will have the dynamical modes and, thus, the phenomenological sensations. These modes are consequences of incoming external stimuli and are competitive within the system, suppressing and locking-out one another.

Organization and evolution of the UK far-right network on Telegram.

The instant messaging platform Telegram has become popular among the far-right movements in the US and UK in recent years. These groups use public Telegram channels and group chats to disseminate hate speech, disinformation, and conspiracy theories. Recent works revealed that the far-right Telegram network structure is decentralized and formed of several communities divided mostly along ideological and national lines.