Motor, mood, and memory impairments persist during remission periods in chronic colitis and are influenced by neuroinflammation and sex.

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic pathology characterized by relapsing-remitting phases of intestinal inflammation. Additionally, some patients develop neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety, or cognitive deficits. We aimed to investigate whether the development of chronic colitis elicits memory, locomotion, and mood impairments.

Special Issue "Aquaporins in Brain Disease".

Water is an abundant and important component of the human brain, the homeostasis of which is rigorously controlled [...

Inflammatory bowel disease induces pathological α-synuclein aggregation in the human gut and brain.

Aims: According to Braak's hypothesis, it is plausible that Parkinson's disease (PD) originates in the enteric nervous system (ENS) and spreads to the brain through the vagus nerve. In this work, we studied whether inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in humans can progress with the emergence of pathogenic α-synuclein (α-syn) in the gastrointestinal tract and midbrain dopaminergic neurons.

Methods: We have analysed the gut and the ventral midbrain from subjects previously diagnosed with IBD and form a DSS-based rat model of gut inflammation in terms of α-syn pathology.

Fecal Volatile Organic Compounds and Microbiota Associated with the Progression of Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease.

Metabolites produced by an altered gut microbiota might mediate the effects in the brain. Among metabolites, the fecal volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are considered to be potential biomarkers. In this study, we examined both the VOCs and bacterial taxa in the feces from healthy subjects and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients at early and middle stages.

Reelin Protects against Colon Pathology via p53 and May Be a Biomarker for Colon Cancer Progression.

Previous observations made in human and mouse colons suggest that reelin protects the colon from pathology. In this study, we evaluated reelin expression during the transition from either colitis or precancerous lesions to colon cancer and tried to elucidate reelin regulation under these transition processes. Samples of healthy and pathological colons from humans and mice treated with either azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) or azoxymethane alone were used.