Efficacy and Safety of Higher Doses of Levofloxacin for MDR-TB: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Phase 2 Trial.

Background: Evaluation of optimal dosing has generally been inadequate during TB drug development. Fluoroquinolones are central to TB treatment. We aimed to determine the dose of levofloxacin needed to achieve maximal efficacy and acceptable safety and tolerability as part of a multidrug TB regimen.

Study protocol for a duration-randomized clinical trial to determine the optimal length of treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with a 5-drug regimen: The DRAMATIC trial.

Background: Current guidelines for the treatment of multidrug-resistant/rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) are based on clinical trials evaluating fixed duration regimens. However, when a regimen succeeds, it remains unknown whether a shorter duration could yield the same results. Similarly, if a regimen fails, it is unclear whether extending the treatment could improve outcomes.

Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in the Nucleus Accumbens Does Not Drive High Levels of Cocaine Consumption.

Uncovering the neurobiological processes underlying substance use disorder informs future therapeutic interventions. Prior research implicates the corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) system as a major player in a wide variety of substance use disorder -like phenotypes. However, the complexity of the CRF system in regard to brain region specific effects and experience-dependent changes in activity is poorly understood.

Pervasive conservation of intron number and other genetic elements revealed by a chromosome-level genome assembly of the hyper-polymorphic nematode Caenorhabditis brenneri.

With within-species genetic diversity estimates that span the gamut of that seen across the entirety of animals, the Caenorhabditis genus of nematodes holds unique potential to provide insights into how population size and reproductive strategies influence gene and genome organization and evolution. Our study focuses on Caenorhabditis brenneri, currently known as one of the most genetically diverse nematodes within its genus and, notably, across Metazoa. Here, we present a high-quality, gapless genome assembly and annotation for C.

Intervention Testing Program: all-trans retinoic acid-related compounds tamibarotene and bakuchiol do not extend lifespan in nematodes.

The Intervention Testing Program recently characterized the longevity-promoting effects of the vitamin A derivative all-trans retinoic acid (atRA). Here, we test two atRA-related compounds, tamibarotene and bakuchiol, for longevity effects in three strains of species. Both tamibarotene, a potent RAR agonist, and bakuchiol, a meroterpene derived from , showed no significant increase in lifespan across a dosage range of six concentrations.