Multimorbidity clusters and their associations with health-related quality of life in two UK cohorts.

Background: Identifying clusters of multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), also known as multimorbidity, and their associated burden may facilitate the development of effective and cost-effective targeted healthcare strategies. This study aimed to identify clusters of MLTCs and their associations with long-term health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in two UK population-based cohorts.

Methods: Age-stratified clusters of MLTCs were identified at baseline in UK Biobank (n = 502,363, 54.

A scoping review of the measurement and analysis of frailty in randomised controlled trials.

Background: Frailty is of increasing interest in trials, either as a target of intervention, as an outcome or as a potential treatment modifier. However, frailty measurement is often highly variable. This scoping review assessed how frailty is quantified in randomised controlled trials (RCTs), in what context and for what purposes.

A Cross-Sectional Survey of Fixed-Dose Combination Antihypertensive Medicine Prescribing in Twenty-Four Countries, Including Qualitative Insights.

Background: Treatment inertia, non-adherence and non-persistence to medical treatment contribute to poor blood pressure (BP) control worldwide. Fixed dose combination (FDC) antihypertensive medicines simplify prescribing patterns and improve adherence. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with prescribing FDC antihypertensive medicines and to understand if these factors differ among doctors worldwide.

Retrospective analysis of carcinogenicity assessments within FDA-notified GRAS determinations.

Frameworks have been developed to standardize the assessment of carcinogenic potential in the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries, building upon decades of research. Carcinogenicity is also evaluated during the safety evaluation of food substances, using a comprehensive approach unique to each substance. To better understand these approaches, a retrospective assessment was conducted on the publicly available database of substances notified to the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) as being Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS).