Spatial variability of nitrous oxide emissions from croplands and unmanaged natural ecosystems across a large environmental gradient.

Atmospheric nitrous oxide (NO) is a potent greenhouse gas, with long atmospheric residence time and a global warming potential 273 times higher than CO. NO emissions are mainly produced from soils and are influenced by biotic and abiotic factors that can be substantially altered by anthropogenic activities, such as land uses, especially when unmanaged natural ecosystems are replaced by croplands or other uses. In this study, we evaluated the spatial variability of NO emissions from croplands (maize, soybean, wheat, and sugar cane crops), paired with the natural grasslands or forests that they replaced across a wide environmental gradient in Argentina, and identified the key drivers governing the spatial variability of NO emissions using structural equation modeling.

Artificial intelligence in triage of COVID-19 patients.

In 2019, COVID-19 began one of the greatest public health challenges in history, reaching pandemic status the following year. Systems capable of predicting individuals at higher risk of progressing to severe forms of the disease could optimize the allocation and direction of resources. In this work, we evaluated the performance of different Machine Learning algorithms when predicting clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19, using clinical data from hospital admission alone.

Taxonomic review of the genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Decapoda: Astacidea: Parastacidae) with description of five new species.

The freshwater crayfish genus Parastacus Huxley, 1879 (Parastacidae) is reviewed. Seven species are redescribed: Parastacus brasiliensis (von Martens, 1869), P. defossus Faxon, 1898, P.

Multimodal single-cell profiling reveals neuronal vulnerability and pathological cell states in focal cortical dysplasia.

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by malformations of the cerebral cortex that often cause drug-resistant epilepsy. In this study, we performed multi-omics single-nuclei profiling to map the chromatin accessibility and transcriptome landscapes of FCD type II, generating a comprehensive multimodal single-nuclei dataset comprising 61,525 cells from 11 clinical samples of lesions and controls. Our findings revealed profound chromatin, transcriptomic, and cellular alterations affecting neuronal and glial cells in FCD lesions, including the selective loss of upper-layer excitatory neurons, significant expansion of oligodendrocytes and immature astrocytic populations, and a distinct neuronal subpopulation harboring dysmorphic neurons.