Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis.

Background: Maintenance of remission is essential in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in terms of disease course and long-term prognosis. The thiopurines azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine have longstanding merit in ulcerative colitis, but more therapeutic options have been developed. This review is an update and extension of a review last published in 2016.

Optimizing automated photo identification for population assessments.

Several legal acts mandate that management agencies regularly assess biological populations. For species with distinct markings, these assessments can be conducted noninvasively via capture-recapture and photographic identification (photo-ID), which involves processing considerable quantities of photographic data. To ease this burden, agencies increasingly rely on automated identification (ID) algorithms.

Management of Rib Fractures in the Combat Environment.

Rib fractures in combat casualties are an under-appreciated injury, and their treatment may become more common as more patients survive because of modern body armor and point-ofinjury care. The combat environment has challenges such as equipment availability and sterility. A simple and thoughtful rib fracture treatment algorithm may be useful to reduce the morbidity and mortality of rib fractures in the combat environment.