Sex Affects Cognitive Outcomes in HIV-1 Tat Transgenic Mice: Role of CCR5.

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), even though combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) suppresses HIV replication. HIV-1 transactivator of transcription (HIV-1 Tat) contributes to the development of HAND through neuroinflammatory and neurotoxic mechanisms. C-C chemokine 5 receptor (CCR5) is important in immune cell targeting and is a co-receptor for HIV viral entry into CD4+ cells.

Nephrotic Syndrome as a Complication of Systemic Calcitonin Amyloidosis From Long-Standing Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Cancer.

Background/objective: Medullary thyroid cancer often results in elevated calcitonin levels, which can cause localized formation of calcitonin amyloid, though rarely complications of systemic calcitonin amyloidosis have been reported. The objective of this report is to encourage awareness of calcitonin amyloid causing nephrotic syndrome in patients with metastatic medullary thyroid cancer.

Case Report: A 65-year-old woman with weakness, fatigue, anasarca, anemia, thrombocytopenia, venous and arterial thrombi, and a cavitary right lung lesion was transferred for care.

Diagnostic Utility of Metalloproteinases from Collagenase Group (MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13) in Biochemical Diagnosis of Ovarian Carcinoma.

Background: Ovarian carcinoma (OC) has an unfavorable prognosis due to lack of screening and an asymptomatic course. New diagnostic methods are being sought to enable earlier diagnosis of this condition. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of collagenases (MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13) in the diagnosis of OC compared to HE4 and CA125 and the ROMA.

Sex related differences in cognitive deficits: Disrupted Arc/Arg3.1 signaling in an HIV model.

Combined and highly active anti-retroviral therapies (cART) have transitioned HIV into a more chronic disease. Roughly half of people living with HIV (PLWH) still experience neurocognitive disorders, albeit less severely than in the pre-cART era. Sex-related effects on memory/cognition remain understudied, although the percentage of PLWH that are female has increased.

Novel voltage-dependent Cl channels in striatal medium spiny neurons are unrelated to ClC-1 or other known Ca-induced Cl channel/transporter types.

Intracellular chloride (Cl) homeostasis is a critical regulator of neuronal excitability. Voltage-dependent neuronal Cl channels remain the least understood in terms of their role as a source of Cl entry controlling excitability. We have shown recently that striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs) express a functional Cl conducting ClC-1-like channel with properties similar but not identical to native ClC-1 channels (Yarotskyy, V.