The underestimated fraction: diversity, challenges and novel insights into unicellular cyanobionts of lichens.

Lichens are remarkable and classic examples of symbiotic organisms that have fascinated scientists for centuries. Yet, it has only been for a couple of decades that significant advances have focused on the diversity of their green algal and/or cyanobacterial photobionts. Cyanolichens, which contain cyanobacteria as their photosynthetic partner, include up to 10% of all known lichens and, as such, studies on their cyanobionts are much rarer compared to their green algal counterparts.

Genes divided according to the relative position of the longest intron show increased representation in different KEGG pathways.

Despite the fact that introns mean an energy and time burden for eukaryotic cells, they play an irreplaceable role in the diversification and regulation of protein production. As a common feature of eukaryotic genomes, it has been reported that in protein-coding genes, the longest intron is usually one of the first introns. The goal of our work was to find a possible difference in the biological function of genes that fulfill this common feature compared to genes that do not.

Population genomics resolves cryptic species of the ecologically flexible genus Laspinema (Cyanobacteria).

Cyanobacterial taxonomy is entering the genomic era, but only a few taxonomic studies have employed population genomics, which provides a framework and a multitude of tools to understand species boundaries. Phylogenomic and population genomic analyses previously suggested that several cryptic lineages emerged within the genus Laspinema. Here, we apply population genomics to define boundaries between these lineages and propose two new cryptic species, Laspinema olomoucense and L.

Fish stocks as phosphorus sources or sinks: Influenced by nutritional and metabolic variations, not solely by dietary content and stoichiometry.

The study provides a descriptive understanding of when fish (Cyprinus carpio model) are the source or sink of phosphorus. Dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP; PO-P) losses (51.1 ± 5.