The effects of small plastic particles on antibiotic resistance gene transfer revealed by single cell and community level analysis.

Small plastic particles with sizes comparable to bacterial cells, widely exist in environment. However, their effects on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) dissemination remain unclear. Using polystyrene (PS) particles (0.

Variant load of mitochondrial DNA in single human mesenchymal stem cells.

Heteroplasmic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants accumulate as humans age, particularly in the stem-cell compartments, and are an important contributor to age-related disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been observed in osteoporosis and somatic mtDNA pathogenic variants have been observed in animal models of osteoporosis. However, this has never been assessed in the relevant human tissue.

Long-term results of per-operative knee arthroscopy in confirming suitability for unicompartmental arthroplasty.

Background: Patient selection is key to the success of medial unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA). Progression of arthritis is the most common indication for revision surgery. Per-operative arthroscopy is a means of directly assessing the integrity of the lateral compartment.