Morphometric Analysis of Dry Human Patella and Patellar Facets.

Background The patella is also known as the kneecap. It lies in front of the knee joint and protects the joint from damage. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body and is embedded within the quadriceps tendon.

Morphometric Study of the Intracranial Segment of the Vertebral Artery.

Background The vertebral artery (VA) forms the caudal part of the circle of Willis and is responsible for one-third of the blood supply of the cerebellum, pons, middle ear, and the upper part of the spinal cord and its meninges. The highest potential risk of injury to VA during cervical pedicle screw implantation is at C3 and then at C6. Knowledge about the morphometry of VA provides a better understanding of clinical conditions such as vertebra basilar insufficiency (VBI).

The effect of mentorship program in enhancing the academic performance of first MBBS students.

Introduction: Mentoring is a natural process, which blossoms from the desire of experienced veterans to give and the thirst of inexperienced novices to grow. Formal faculty mentoring could help the 1 year students to thrive on the complicated situations in a newer environment and excel in their career. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of mentorship program in improving the academic performance of 1 MBBS students.

The cervical sympathetic trunk--a new hypothesis.

There is a sympathetic ganglion, in relation to most if not all thoracic and lumbar segments whereas there are only 3 or 4 sympathetic ganglia in the cervical region. Thus it may be inferred that sympathetic ganglia are not directly related to spinal nerves. Therefore, the hypothesis is put forward that sympathetic ganglia are associated chiefly with intersegmental vessels such as the intercostal and lumbar arteries and that the differences seen in the neck region are due to the disappearance of most of the cervical intersegmental arteries and the subsequent modifications that follow during development.