Repeated unilateral injections of botulinum toxin in masticatory muscles in adult rats do not amplify condylar and alveolar bone loss nor modify the volume of the hypertrophic bone proliferation at enthesis.

Objectives: Botulinum toxin is used in human in repeatedly masticatory muscles injections. A single BTX injection in animal induces mandibular bone loss with a muscle enthesis hypertrophic metaplasia. Our aim was to evaluate mandibular bone changes after unilateral repeated injections of BTX in adult rats.

An extremely rare case of a displaced third molar into the infratemporal fossa associated with a textiloma.

Background: Third molar extraction is one of the most common procedures performed by oral surgeons, however with rare complications. The accidental displacement of a maxillary third molar into the infratemporal fossa (ITF) is a rare complication that can occur even with experienced surgeons.

Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 17-year-old patient whose right upper third molar was accidentally pushed to the ITF associated with a cellulitis and the late discovery of a textiloma (a surgical gauze).