Sensitivity to the role of an animated agent from observed interactions in newborn chicks ().

Few month old human infants are able to detect the social roles of artificial agents and consistently choose the object behaving as 'approacher' rather than 'repulser'. This preference has been considered evidence of a pre-linguistic and pre-cultural origin of the social mind. Similar preferences have not been described in other species, though comparative data could help clarify the nature of this phenomenon and its evolutionary origin.

The Grande Ronde Model Watershed: Integrating Science into Restoration Implementation and Adaptive Management.

Watershed conservation groups throughout the Pacific Northwest coordinate and implement watershed and habitat restoration to recover Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. Many watershed organizations struggle with implementing an adaptive management process that integrates monitoring data and the latest science into their restoration programs. We describe the evolution and lessons learned from the Grande Ronde Model Watershed (GRMW), one of the longest running watershed organizations coordinating fish habitat restoration projects.

Surface-Based Cortical Measures in Multimodal Association Brain Regions Predict Chess Expertise.

The complex structure of the brain supports high-order cognition, which is crucial for mastering chess. Surface-based measures, including the fractional dimension (FD) and gyrification index (GI), may be more sensitive in detecting cortical changes relative to volumetric indexes. For this reason, structural magnetic resonance imaging data from 29 chess experts and 29 novice participants were analyzed using the CAT12 toolbox.

Modified sleeve method treatment of ingrown toenail.

Background: Ingrown toenail is a common problem that causes inconvenience, pain, and limitation of daily function. Current conventional treatment methods are not satisfactory and have a high recurrence rate.

Objective: To evaluate a modification of an existing, although uncommonly used, method for treating ingrown toenail.

Lithium-induced sinus node dysfunction.

A 74-year-old woman, on lithium carbonate treatment, developed symptomatic sinus node dysfunction and central nervous toxicity, which disappeared after discontinuation of the drug and when serum lithium fell from 2 to 1.27 mEq/L. Our review of the literature demonstrates that sinus node abnormalities can occur both in presence of therapeutic and toxic serum lithium levels and are frequently asymptomatic and completely reversible.