Hospital-based violence intervention programs work.

Background: Hospital-based violence prevention programs have emerged at trauma centers nationwide; however, none has been thoroughly evaluated for effectiveness. Our Violence Intervention Program (VIP) conducted a prospective randomized control study to evaluate the effectiveness of intervention for repeat victims of violence.

Method: Patients admitted between 1999 and 2001 for treatment of injuries inflicted by a violent act were identified.

Serum selenium and the risk of cervical cancer among women in the United States.

Objective: To explore the relationship between serum selenium and cervical cancer.

Methods: We conducted a case-control study of cervical cancer in five areas around Birmingham, AL; Chicago, IL; Denver, CO; Miami, FL; and Philadelphia, PA. Community controls were selected by random-digit dialing and were matched to invasive cervical cancer cases by age, race/ethnicity, and telephone exchange.

Elevated serum homocysteine levels and increased risk of invasive cervical cancer in US women.

Objectives: To explore the relationship between serum homocysteine, a sensitive biomarker for folate inadequacy and problems in one-carbon metabolism, and invasive cervical cancer.

Methods: A large case-control study was conducted in five US areas with up to two community controls, obtained by random-digit dialing, individually matched to each case. Cervical cancer risk factors were assessed through at-home interview.

Low serum and red blood cell folate are moderately, but nonsignificantly associated with increased risk of invasive cervical cancer in U.S. women.

Previous observational epidemiologic studies of folate and cervical cancer, as well as folate supplementation trials for cervical dysplasia, have produced mixed results. We examined the relationship between serum and RBC folate and incident invasive cervical cancer in a large, multicenter, community-based case-control study. Detailed in-person interviews were conducted, and blood was drawn at least 6 mo after completion of cancer treatment from 51% of cases and 68% of controls who were interviewed.