Application of X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinement to quantify mineral composition including crystalline silica in respirable dust.

This study aimed to test the use of Rietveld refinement on respirable aerosol samples to determine the phase of respirable crystalline silica (RCS) and other minerals. The results from the Rietveld refinement were compared to an external standard method and gravimetrical measurements. Laboratory samples consisting of α-quartz, feldspar, and calcite with variable proportions and total mass loadings were made and analyzed using the NIOSH 7500 , followed by Rietveld refinement.

Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients.

Introduction: Following liver transplantation (LT), adequate nutrition is essential, as malnutrition may contribute to slower growth in pediatric patients and put patients at risk of complications following transplant. Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) is an eating disorder characterized by restrictive eating patterns that compromise nutrition. Patients with ARFID may have significant difficulty meeting nutritional needs due to fear of gastrointestinal distress, making it especially difficult to manage in patients following LT.

Expanding the reaction toolbox for nanoscale direct-to-biology PROTAC synthesis and biological evaluation.

High-throughput chemistry (HTC) and direct-to-biology (D2B) platforms allow for plate-based compound synthesis and biological evaluation of crude mixtures in cellular assays. The rise of these workflows has rapidly accelerated drug-discovery programs in the field of targeted protein degradation (TPD) in recent years by removing a key bottleneck of compound purification. However, the number of chemical transformations amenable to this methodology remain minimal, leading to limitations in the exploration of chemical space using existing library-based approaches.

Using Nutraceuticals to Help Manage Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury.

Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is a significant public health challenge that has an adverse impact on functional independence, quality of life, and life expectancy. Management of people's chronic conditions is a key aspect of contemporary medical practice. Our study was an open label, single arm, prospective pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of treating people with TSCI.

Integrated Direct-to-Biology Platform for the Nanoscale Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of PROTACs.

Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are heterobifunctional molecules that co-opt the cell's natural proteasomal degradation mechanisms to degrade undesired proteins. A challenge associated with PROTACs is the time and resource-intensive optimization; thus, the development of high-throughput platforms for their synthesis and biological evaluation is required. In this study, we establish an ultra-high-throughput experimentation (ultraHTE) platform for PROTAC synthesis, followed by direct addition of the crude reaction mixtures to cellular degradation assays without any purification.