Environmental Changes Recorded in Sedimentary Rocks in the Clay-Sulfate Transition Region in Gale Crater, Mars: Results From the Sample Analysis at Mars-Evolved Gas Analysis Instrument Onboard the Mars Science Laboratory Rover.

The rover explored the region between the orbitally defined phyllosilicate-bearing Glen Torridon trough and the overlying layered sulfate-bearing unit, called the "clay-sulfate transition region." Samples were drilled from the top of the fluviolacustrine Glasgow member of the Carolyn Shoemaker formation (CSf) to the eolian Contigo member of the Mirador formation (MIf) to assess in situ mineralogical changes with stratigraphic position. The Sample Analysis at Mars-Evolved Gas Analysis (SAM-EGA) instrument analyzed drilled samples within this region to constrain their volatile chemistry and mineralogy.

Different leukocyte subsets are targeted by systemic and locoregional administration despite conserved nanomaterial characteristics optimal for lymph node delivery.

Lymph nodes (LNs) house a large proportion of the body's leukocytes. Accordingly, engineered nanomaterials are increasingly developed to direct therapeutics to LNs to enhance their efficacy. Yet while lymphatic delivery of nanomaterials to LNs upon locoregional injection has been extensively evaluated, nanomaterial delivery to LN-localized leukocytes after intravenous administration has not been systematically explored nor benchmarked.

Re-evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of PSA as a referral test to detect clinically significant prostate cancer in contemporary MRI-based image-guided biopsy pathways.

Introduction: Modern image-guided biopsy pathways at diagnostic centres have greatly refined the investigations of men referred with suspected prostate cancer. However, the referral criteria from primary care are still based on historical prostate-specific antigen (PSA) cut-offs and age-referenced thresholds. Here, we tested whether better contemporary pathways and biopsy methods had improved the predictive utility value of PSA referral thresholds.

Sustained release hydrogel for durable locoregional chemoimmunotherapy for BRAF-mutated melanoma.

The wide prevalence of BRAF mutations in diagnosed melanomas drove the clinical advancement of BRAF inhibitors in combination with immune checkpoint blockade for treatment of advanced disease. However, deficits in therapeutic potencies and safety profiles motivate the development of more effective strategies that improve the combination therapy's therapeutic index. Herein, we demonstrate the benefits of a locoregional chemoimmunotherapy delivery system, a novel thermosensitive hydrogel comprised of gelatin and Pluronic® F127 components already widely used in humans in both commercial and clinical products, for the co-delivery of a small molecule BRAF inhibitor with immune checkpoint blockade antibody for the treatment of BRAF-mutated melanoma.