Exploring Racial Disparities in Awareness and Perceptions of Oncology Clinical Trials: Cross-Sectional Analysis of Baseline Data From the mychoice Study.

Background: Black/African American adults are underrepresented in oncology clinical trials in the United States, despite efforts at narrowing this disparity.

Objective: This study aims to explore differences in how Black/African American oncology patients perceive clinical trials to improve support for the clinical trial participation decision-making process.

Methods: As part of a larger randomized controlled trial, a total of 244 adult oncology patients receiving active treatment or follow-up care completed a cross-sectional baseline survey on sociodemographic characteristics, clinical trial knowledge, health literacy, perceptions of cancer clinical trials, patient activation, patient advocacy, health care self-efficacy, decisional conflict, and clinical trial intentions.

Vaccination uptake in LGBTQ adults in two US states: Findings from the QVax study.

Objectives: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and other (LGBTQ+) individuals face numerous health disparities, including higher rates of chronic diseases and sexually transmitted infections, partly due to marginalization, discrimination, and a healthcare system often unprepared to meet their specific needs. Despite the importance of vaccination in preventing these health issues, vaccination patterns in LGBTQ+ populations remain under-researched, with limited data available due to the absence of sexual orientation and gender identity information on most healthcare forms. As such, we sought to understand vaccine uptake among LGBTQ+ individuals living in New Jersey and New York for 7 primary adult vaccines.

A magnetar giant flare in the nearby starburst galaxy M82.

Magnetar giant flares are rare explosive events releasing up to 10 erg in gamma rays in less than 1 second from young neutron stars with magnetic fields up to 10 G (refs. ). Only three such flares have been seen from magnetars in our Galaxy and in the Large Magellanic Cloud in roughly 50 years.

Oncologists' perceptions of tumor genomic profiling and barriers to communicating secondary hereditary risks to African American cancer patients.

Background: Tumor genomic profiling (TGP) identifies targets for precision cancer treatments, but also secondary hereditary risks. Oncologists are poorly trained to communicate the results of TGP, especially among patients with lower health literacy, poorer genetics knowledge, and higher mistrust. African American (AA) patients are especially vulnerable to poor understanding due to significant cancer disparities and lower uptake of TGP.

Identifying Key Factors to PrEP Initiation and Persistence Among YMSM Through Focus Groups and Surveys in Two High-Priority Settings.

Cisgender men are diagnosed with HIV at a rate four times greater than cisgender women, with 71% of infections attributed to male-male sexual contact. Despite expanding accessibility, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention is initiated by only 30% of people with PrEP indications. Five focus groups with 42 young men who have sex with men from New York and Alabama were conducted to identify key factors to PrEP initiation and persistence.