Muscle shear wave elastography, conventional B mode and power doppler ultrasonography in healthy adults and patients with autoimmune inflammatory myopathies: a pilot cross-sectional study.

Background: Before the role of shear wave elastography (SWE) and B mode ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of different forms of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) can be investigated, normative data is required. This study aimed to describe and then compare normative SWE and B mode ultrasound metrics of muscles in healthy controls and patients with IIM.

Methods: Twenty nine healthy adult controls and 10 IIM patients (5 with inclusion body myositis and 5 with necrotising autoimmune myopathy) underwent a full clinical examination, laboratory investigations, SWE and US measurements of selected proximal and distal limb muscles.

Imaging in the diagnosis of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies; indications and utility.

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of muscle diseases that carry a significant morbidity and mortality risk. The utilization of imaging in the diagnostic pathway of IIM is therefore important to obtain early diagnosis and even monitor patients over time. Areas covered: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the main imaging modality used to detect myositis but limitations include cost and accessibility, leading to delays in time to scan, and patient contraindications.

Plexiform neurofibroma causing an ossifying subperiosteal haematoma: a rare case in the tibia of an 11-year-old girl.

Ossifying subperiosteal haematoma is an exceedingly rare manifestation of Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). We report an interesting case of plexiform neurofibroma causing a rapidly growing tibial mass as a result of subperiosteal haemorrhage, in an 11-year-old girl with previously undiagnosed NF-1. This reflects a precursor of the more mature periosteal ossification seen in cases traditionally termed "subperiosteal cysts".

Cortical desmoid of the humerus: radiographic and MRI correlation.

Cortical desmoids are self-limiting fibro-osseous lesions commonly occurring at the medial supracondylar femur in active adolescents, at either the origin of the medial head of the gastrocnemius or at the insertion of the adductor magnus aponeurosis. Less commonly, in a similar demographic, cortical desmoids may occur in the proximal humerus medially at the insertion of the pectoralis major muscle or laterally at the insertion of the deltoid. The radiographic appearance of the proximal humerus cortical desmoid has been described previously, but not the MRI appearance.