Acute exposure to realistic simulated urban atmospheres exacerbates pulmonary phenotype in cystic fibrosis-like mice.

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a lethal genetic disorder caused by pathogenic mutations of the CFTR gene. CF patients show a high phenotypic variability of unknown origin. In this context, the present study was therefore dedicated to investigating the effects of acute exposure to air pollution on the pulmonary morbidity of a CF-like mice model.

Clinical Utility of an AI-powered, Handheld Elastic Scattering Spectroscopy Device on the Diagnosis and Management of Skin Cancer by Primary Care Physicians.

Background: Patients with lesions suspicious for skin cancer often present to primary care physicians (PCPs), who may have limited training in skin cancer diagnosis.

Objective: To measure the impact of an adjunctive handheld device for PCPs that employs elastic scattering spectroscopy (ESS) on the diagnosis and management of skin cancer.

Methods: Fifty-seven PCPs evaluated 50 clinical images of skin lesions (25 malignant and 25 benign), first without and then with knowledge of the handheld ESS device output, and in each case indicated if a lesion was likely to be benign or malignant.

Effects of UV and Calcium Perchlorates on Uracil Deposited on Strontium Fluoride Substrates at Mars Pressure and Temperature.

Organic matter is actively searched on Mars with current and future space missions as it is a key to detecting potential biosignatures. Given the current harsh environmental conditions at the surface of Mars, many organic compounds might not be preserved over a long period as they are exposed to energetic radiation such as ultraviolet light, which is not filtered above 190 nm by the martian atmosphere. Moreover, the presence of strong oxidizing species in the regolith, such as perchlorate salts, might enhance the photodegradation of organic compounds of astrobiological interest.

Complex urban atmosphere alters alveolar stem cells niche properties and drives lung fibrosis.

There is growing evidence suggesting that urban pollution has adverse effects on lung health. However, how urban pollution affects alveolar mesenchymal and epithelial stem cell niches remains unknown. This study aimed to determine how complex representative urban atmospheres alter alveolar stem cell niche properties.