The hidden language of plant-beneficial microbes: chemo-signaling dynamics in plant microenvironments.

Plants and microorganisms coexist within complex ecosystems, significantly influencing agricultural productivity. Depending on the interaction between the plant and microbes, this interaction can either help or harm plant health. Microbes interact with plants by secreting proteins that influence plant cells, producing bioactive compounds like antibiotics or toxins, and releasing molecules such as N-acyl homoserine lactones to coordinate their behaviour.

Combined effects of climate stressors and soil arsenic contamination on metabolic profiles and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Rice productivity and quality are increasingly at risk in arsenic (As) affected areas, challenge that is expected to worsen under changing climatic conditions. Free-Air Concentration Enrichment experiments revealed that eCO, eO, and eTemp, whether acting individually or in combination with low and high As irrigation, significantly impact rice yield and grain quality. Elevated CO₂ significantly increased shoot biomass, with minimal impact on root biomass, except under low As irrigation conditions.

An African vulture optimization algorithm based energy efficient clustering scheme in wireless sensor networks.

Energy efficiency plays a major role in sustaining lifespan and stability of the network, being one of most critical factors in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). To overcome the problem of energy depletion in WSN, this paper proposes a new Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme named African Vulture Optimization Algorithm based EECS (AVOACS) using AVOA. The proposed AVOACS method improves clustering by including four critical terms: communication mode decider, distance of sink and nodes, residual energy and intra-cluster distance.

Emergence of Circulating Tumor DNA as a Precision Biomarker in Lung Cancer Radiation Oncology and Beyond.

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is emerging as a transformative biomarker in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review focuses on its role in detecting minimal residual disease (MRD), predicting treatment response, and guiding therapeutic decision-making in radiation oncology and immunotherapy. Key studies demonstrate ctDNA's prognostic value, particularly in identifying relapse risk and refining patient stratification for curative-intent and consolidative treatments.

Dermoscopy of syphilitic chancre: Report of five cases.

Dermoscopy is a non-invasive tool which helps in the visualization of skin structures and patterns not visible to the naked eye. This study evaluates the effectiveness of dermoscopy in diagnosing primary syphilis, which typically presents as a painless ulcer at the site of inoculation. In this study, dermoscopic patterns such as vascular structures and background colour changes were analyzed in patients with confirmed primary syphilis.