Neutrophil extracellular traps as a potential marker of systemic lupus erythematosus activity.

Background: The heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) poses a significant challenge in identifying biomarkers for assessing disease activity. Currently, there is a paucity of established biomarkers capable of evaluating SLE flares. This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers that exhibit improved diagnostic accuracy in assessing SLE activity.

An activatable "AIE + ESIPT" fluorescent probe for dual-imaging of lipid droplets and hydrogen peroxide in drug-induced liver injury model.

Background: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common liver diseases. The crucial role of lipid droplets (LDs) and hydrogen peroxide (HO), two important biomarkers in the pathophysiology of DILI, has spurred considerable efforts to accurately visualize HO and LDs for elucidating their functions in the progression of DILI. However, construction of a single fluorescent probe that is able to simultaneously image HO and LDs dynamics remains to be a challenging task.

Can photonic heterostructures provably outperform single-material geometries?

Recent advances in photonic optimization have enabled calculation of performance bounds for a wide range of electromagnetic objectives, albeit restricted to single-material systems. Motivated by growing theoretical interest and fabrication advances, we present a framework to bound the performance of photonic heterostructures and apply it to investigate maximum absorption characteristics of multilayer films and compact, free-form multi-material scatterers. Limits predict trends seen in topology-optimized geometries - often coming within factors of two of specific designs - and may be utilized in conjunction with inverse designs to predict when heterostructures are expected to outperform their optimal single-material counterparts.