Starfield's 4Cs of NCD management in primary healthcare: a conceptual framework development from a case study of 19 countries.

Introduction: Faced with a backdrop of an increasing chronic disease burden from an ageing global population compounded with rising healthcare costs, health systems are required to implement cost-effective, safe and equitable care through efficient service delivery models. One approach to achieving this is through Starfield's 4Cs of primary healthcare (PHC), which delineates the key attributes of a high-performing PHC system that upholds the pillars of care coordination, first contact of care, continuity of care and comprehensive care. Therefore, this study aims to explore and elucidate the key themes and subthemes related to and extending beyond Starfield's 4Cs of PHC by integrating findings from a comprehensive literature review and a qualitative study.

Determinants of frailty among hospitalized older adults across various wards in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Introduction: Frailty, characterized by decreased resilience due to physiological decline, affects approximately 65% of community-dwelling elderly in Nepal. This study assessed frailty and its factors among hospitalized older adults in a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 124 participants aged 60 and above, admitted to a tertiary hospital in Nepal.

Adverse childhood experiences and psychological, sexual, and physical forms of intimate partner violence in Nepal.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and intimate partner violence (IPV) among married couples in Nepal as well as the relationships among ACEs, IPV (psychological, sexual, physical), and psychological distress.

Method: The sample comprised the control group ( = 720) of a cluster randomized intervention trial among married women in Nepal. Interviewers assessed ACEs, IPV, quality of life, self-efficacy, and depressive symptoms among participants.

Incidental diagnosis of intra-lobar pulmonary sequestration in an asymptomatic young male: A case report.

Bronchopulmonary sequestration is an uncommon abnormality of the respiratory system that often manifests as recurrent pneumonia in childhood or as an incidental discovery on thoracic imaging in adults. The sequestration receives its blood supply from anomalous systemic circulation in contrast to pulmonary circulation and can manifest in either intrapulmonary or extrapulmonary forms. We discuss the instance of a young asymptomatic man who visited us seeking for medical clearance to travel abroad.

Exploiting CotA laccase from Antarctic Bacillus sp. PAMC28748 for efficient mediator-assisted dye decolorization and ABTS regeneration.

Laccases are of particular interest in addressing environmental challenges, such as the degradation of triphenylmethane (TPM) dyes, including crystal violet (CV) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB), which are commonly used in SDS-PAGE for protein visualization. However, these dyes present significant environmental concerns due to their resistance to degradation, which makes their removal from industrial wastewater a major challenge. To address this, the current study investigates the potential of a novel CotA laccase derived from Bacillus sp.