Both Enantiomers of 2-Hydroxyglutarate Modulate the Metabolism of Cultured Human Neuroblastoma Cells.

Elevated levels of D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) and L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L-2HG) in the brain are associated with various pathological conditions, potentially contributing to neurological symptoms and neurodegeneration. Previous studies on animal models have revealed their capability to interfere with several cellular processes, including mitochondrial metabolism. Both enantiomers competitively inhibit the enzymatic activity of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases.

Examining the applicability of polar organic chemical integrative sampler for long-term monitoring of groundwater contamination caused by currently used pesticides.

The possibilities of expanding a groundwater quality monitoring scheme by passive sampling using polar organic chemical integrative sampler (POCIS) comprising HLB sorbent as the receiving phase were explored. Passive sampling and grab sampling were carried out simultaneously in the regions with vulnerable groundwater resources in Slovakia, between 2013 and 2021. For 27 pesticides and degradation products detected both in POCIS and the grab samples, in situ sampling rates were calculated and statistically evaluated.

Expression of pyruvate carboxylase in cultured human astrocytoma, glioblastoma and neuroblastoma cells.

Pyruvate carboxylase (PC) is an enzyme catalyzing the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate, which possesses anaplerotic role in cellular metabolism. The expression of PC was confirmed in cells of several cancer types, in which it ensures several cellular functions, such as growth and division. To investigate the expression of PC in human astrocytoma, glioblastoma and neuroblastoma cells we applied the immunodetection methods.

Quantitative analysis of 2-hydroxyglutarate as a controversial oncometabolite in malignant gliomas.

There is a great effort to connect the accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG) oncometabolite with cellular onco-epigenetic status and subsequently predict the prognoses of glioma patients. In this observational study, the concentrations of D- and L- 2-HG were determined in 57 tumor tissue samples of glioma patients (n=57) WHO grade I through IV (astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, secondary glioblastoma, and glioblastoma multiforme) in vitro. Also, genetic mutation status on isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH 1/2) was determined from these samples.

Bioimmunological activities of Candida glabrata cellular mannan.

Candida glabrata is a second most common human opportunistic pathogen which causes superficial but also life-threatening systemic candidosis. According to the localisation of mannans and mannoproteins in the outermost layer of the cell wall, mannan detection could be one of the first steps in the cell recognition of Candida cells by the host innate immune system. Mannans from the cell wall provide important immunomodulatory activities, comprising stimulation of cytokine production, induction of dendritic cells (DCs) maturation and T-cell immunity.