Benefits of promoting scholarship among program directors: promoting scholarship among directors is a win-win-win for institutions, trainees, and directors.

When the National Institutes of Health (NIH) budget doubled in the late 1990s, it led to a rise in the number of PhD-trained scientists and to increased NIH-funded programs to diversify the biomedical workforce. This trend has seen more PhD scientists take on leadership roles as program directors in academia. These program directors are often highly skilled in research design and data analysis, and they bring a scholarly approach to their administrative duties.

Hidden allies: how extracellular vesicles drive biofilm formation, stress adaptation, and host-immune interactions in human fungal pathogens.

Pathogenic fungi pose a significant threat to human health, especially given the rising incidence of invasive fungal infections and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This requires the development of vaccines and the advancement of antifungal strategies. Recent studies have focused on the roles of fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) in intercellular communication and host-pathogen interactions.

Strength and timing of austral winter Angolan coastal upwelling.

The tropical Angolan upwelling system (tAUS) is a highly productive ecosystem of great socio-economic importance. Productivity peaks in austral winter and is linked to the passage of remotely forced upwelling coastal trapped waves (CTWs), where the strength of the productivity peak is associated with the amplitude of the upwelling CTW. Here, we analyze the year-to-year variability in the timing and amplitude of the austral winter upwelling CTW by examining sea surface temperature, sea level anomaly, and wind fields.

Data science's cultural construction: qualitative ideas for quantitative work.

Introduction: "Data scientists" quickly became ubiquitous, often infamously so, but they have struggled with the ambiguity of their novel role. This article studies data science's collective definition on Twitter.

Methods: The analysis responds to the challenges of studying an emergent case with unclear boundaries and substance through a cultural perspective and complementary datasets ranging from 1,025 to 752,815 tweets.