Multi-residue analysis of tranquillizers in meat: confirmatory assays using mass spectrometry.

A rapid and sensitive multi-residue method was developed to attempt to confirm the presence of the beta-blocker carazolol and the tranquillizers acepromazine, azaperone, chlorpromazine, propionylpromazine and xylazine in pig muscle tissues. The procedure involves determination by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The liquid chromatographic separation was performed on a Symmetry C18 column with gradient elution.

Gas chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric analysis of clenbuterol residues in faeces.

In all EU member states, the use in livestock farming of certain substances having a hormonal action is prohibited. Clenbuterol, the beta-adrenergic agonist, has some growth promoting characteristics. Screening for clenbuterol can be carried out by an immunoassay.

Rapid and high-performance analysis of thyreostatic drug residues in urine using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A more sensitive method was developed using the hyphenated technique of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) supplementary to the official high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method. Even combined with less efficient extraction and clean-up methods, GC-MS is able to lower the detection limit to less than 50 ppb. The powerful technique of GC-MS-MS is tried out to reduce the detection limit even more, in combination with simplified extraction methods.

Comparison of the possibilities of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry systems for the analysis of anabolics in biological material.

Chromatographic techniques such as GC-MS play a most important role in modern multi-residue analysis of anabolic steroids. The major difference between GC-MS apparatus from different manufacturers is the way of detection and recording. Most apparatus use selected-ion monitoring (SIM) for the determination of low concentrations.

Endogenic nortestosterone in cattle?

When residues of nortestosterone (NT) were found in the urine of cattle, racehorses or bodybuilders, exogenic administration was thought to be proven. In previous literature, no records were found of the endogenic presence of this molecule. In the horse-racing world, Houghton and Courthot found that NT is normally present in the urine of the stallion.