Moral economy and moral capital: A new approach to understanding health systems.

Healthcare systems can be considered moral economies in which moral capital in the form of expectations toward norms, values, and virtues are exchanged and traded. Moral capital, as a concept, is an extension of Bourdieu's forms of symbolic, and in particular, cultural capital. This research set out to identify forms of moral capital evident in the accounts of health professionals and patients within the distinctive healthcare systems of Germany, New Zealand, and the Unites States.

Longitudinal Measurements of FGF23, Sarcopenia, Frailty and Fracture in Older Community Dwelling Women.

Background: FGF23 has been associated with frailty and functional performance in older individuals, but the association to sarcopenia is unknown.

Objectives: To investigate the association between FGF23, frailty, sarcopenia and fractures in older community dwelling women.

Design: Prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Pro-Inflammatory Proteins Associated with Frailty and Its Progression-A Longitudinal Study in Community-Dwelling Women.

The complex pathophysiology underlying biological aging creates challenges for identifying biomarkers associated with frailty. This longitudinal, nontargeted proteomics study aimed to identify proteins associated with frailty, particularly the change from nonfrail to frail. The population-based Osteoporosis Prospective Risk Assessment cohort includes women all of whom are 75 years old at inclusion (n = 1044) and reassessed at 80 years (n = 715) and 85 years (n = 382).

Can frailty in conjunction with FRAX identify additional women at risk of fracture - a longitudinal cohort study of community dwelling older women.

Background: Fracture risk assessment is still far from perfect within the geriatric population. The overall aim of this study is to better identify older women at risk for fractures, using a quantitative measure of frailty in conjunction with the web-based Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX®).

Methods: This study was performed in the Osteoporosis Risk Assessment (OPRA) cohort of n = 1023, 75-year-old women followed for 10-years.

A "snap-shot" visual estimation of health and objectively measured frailty: capturing general health in aging older women.

Background: In clinic, a subjective visual estimation of a patient's general health often guides interventions, yet little is known of how this assessment relates to objectively measured frailty.

Aims: To characterize the relationship between these two assessments and explore the implication of discordance.

Methods: The study was performed in the OPRA cohort of 75-year old community-dwelling women (n = 1044).