Global, regional, and national estimates of tuberculosis incidence and case detection among incarcerated individuals from 2000 to 2019: a systematic analysis.

Background: People who are incarcerated are at high risk of developing tuberculosis. We aimed to estimate the annual global, regional, and national incidence of tuberculosis among incarcerated populations from 2000 to 2019.

Methods: We collected and aggregated data for tuberculosis incidence and prevalence estimates among incarcerated individuals in published and unpublished literature, annual tuberculosis notifications among incarcerated individuals at the country level, and the annual number of incarcerated individuals at the country level.

[Social determinants and the Sustainable Development Goals' tuberculosis target in the AmericasDeterminantes sociais e a meta para a tuberculose dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável nas Américas].

Objective: Determine patterns of tuberculosis (TB) incidence indicators and number of deaths from TB within the framework of target 3.3 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and their correlation with social determinants.

Methods: Ecological study methodology was used, in which the population is the unit of analysis.

Introduction and scaling up of new drugs for drug-resistant TB: experiences from the Americas.

The number of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases reported in the Americas has increased by 21.2%, from 3737 in 2016 to 4791 in 2018. The WHO has been recommending changes on the treatment of DR-TB, moving from long-duration treatment with injectables to a short oral regimen with new drugs such as bedaquiline (BDQ) and delamanid (DLM), in selected cases and only under programmatic conditions.

Tuberculosis and HIV coinfection and related collaborative activities in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Objective: To inform about the most recent epidemiological trends and integrated programmatic response to tuberculosis (TB) and HIV coinfection in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC).

Methods: A descriptive review analyzed the most relevant indicators on TB/HIV coinfection in 33 countries in LAC with a cross-sectional and time-trend approach. Data were obtained from publicly available databases and analyzed through simple proportions, weighted means, and risk ratios.

HIV-1 Variants and Drug Resistance in Pregnant Women from Bata (Equatorial Guinea): 2012-2013.

Objectives: This is the first study describing drug resistance mutations (DRM) and HIV-1 variants among infected pregnant women in Equatorial Guinea (GQ), a country with high (6.2%) and increasing HIV prevalence.

Methods: Dried blood spots (DBS) were collected from November 2012 to December 2013 from 69 HIV-1 infected women participating in a prevention of mother-to-child transmission program in the Hospital Regional of Bata and Primary Health Care Centre María Rafols, Bata, GQ.