PD-L1 restrains PD-1Nrp1 Treg cells to suppress inflammation-driven colorectal tumorigenesis.

T cells function not only as an essential component of host cancer immunosurveillance but also as a regulator of colonic inflammation, a process that promotes colorectal cancer. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a T cell-negative regulator, but its role in regulation of T cell functions in the context of colorectal cancer is unknown. We report that global deletion of Cd274 results in increased colonic inflammation, PD-1 T cells, and inflammation-driven colorectal tumorigenesis in mice.

Comparing the efficacy of Agnikarma with therapeutic ultrasound in the management of tennis elbow - A randomised controlled preliminary study.

Background: Tennis elbow is a common musculoskeletal disease of elbow and causes restricted movement of forearm. Various treatment modalities like NSAID, corticosteroid injection, counter bracing, physiotherapy, surgery etc are available but safety and efficacy of one treatment over another is under research. Ayurveda classifies this condition as Snayugata vata.

MYCOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND AFLATOXIN B CONTAMINANT ESTIMATION OF HERBAL DRUG RAW MATERIALS.

Background: The present study explores the fungal contamination of important herbal drug raw materials (HDRM), which are widely used in the preparation of many herbal drugs. Understanding of the microbial contamination status of HDRM is one of the important steps to ensure the safety and efficacy of herbal drugs.

Materials And Methods: Eighteen samples of six herbal drug raw materials (HDRM) viz.

A clinicomicrobiological study to evaluate the efficacy of manual and powered toothbrushes among autistic patients.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of powered toothbrushes in improving gingival health and reducing salivary red complex counts as compared to manual toothbrushes, among autistic individuals.

Materials And Methods: Forty autistics was selected. Test group received powered toothbrushes, and control group received manual toothbrushes.