Recent synthetic strategies for the functionalization of fused bicyclic heteroaromatics using organo-Li, -Mg and -Zn reagents.

This review highlights the use of functionalized organo-Li, -Mg and -Zn reagents for the construction and selective functionalization of 5- and 6-membered fused bicyclic heteroaromatics. Special attention is given to the discussion of advanced syntheses for the preparation of highly functionalized heteroaromatic scaffolds, including quinolines, naphthyridines, indoles, benzofurans, benzothiophenes, benzoxazoles, benzothiazoles, benzopyrimidines, anthranils, thienothiophenes, purine coumarins, chromones, quinolones and phthalazines and their fused heterocyclic derivatives. The organometallic reagents used for the desired functionalizations of these scaffolds are generally prepared using the following methods: (i) through directed selective metalation reactions (DoM), (ii) by means of halogen/metal exchange reactions, (iii) through oxidative metal insertions (Li, Mg, Zn), and (iv) by transmetalation reactions (organo-Li and Mg transmetalations with ZnCl or ZnO(Piv)).

A Review on Functionalization of Benzo-5,6-Fused Bicyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds.

Over the decades, functionalized heteroaromatic compounds and their scaffolds have drawn significant attention in synthetic organic chemistry as well as in interdisciplinary sciences due to their prevalence in natural products, hormones, vitamins, and their applications in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, veterinary products, dyes and pigments, bio-imaging, semiconductors, and optoelectronics, etc. This review explores various synthetic strategies for functionalization of numerous 5,6 benzo-fused heteroaromatic derivatives such as indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, benzimidazole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole and benzotriazole through various methods including C-H activation, cross-coupling, metal catalysis, photo-catalysis, electrocatalysis and organocatalysis in recent years (2019-2023). Highly functionalized heterocyclic scaffolds are the important precursors for synthesizing many bioactive drugs like fenbendazole, viozan, griseofulvin, zileuton, flunoxaprofen, natural products, and optoelectronic materials, etc.

Recent synthetic strategies for the construction of functionalized carbazoles and their heterocyclic motifs enabled by Lewis acids.

This article demonstrates recent innovative cascade annulation methods for preparing functionalized carbazoles and their related polyaromatic heterocyclic compounds enabled by Lewis acid catalysts. Highly substituted carbazole scaffolds were synthesized Lewis acid mediated Friedel-Crafts arylation, electrocyclization, intramolecular cyclization, cycloaddition, C-N bond-formations, aromatization and cascade domino reactions, metal-catalyzed, iodine catalyzed reactions and multi-component reactions. This review article mainly focuses on Lewis acid-mediated recent synthetic methods to access a variety of electron-rich and electron-poor functional groups substituted carbazole frameworks in one-pot reactions.

Design, Synthesis, Molecular Docking Study and Biological Evaluation of Novel γ-Carboline Derivatives of Latrepirdine (Dimebon) as Potent Anticancer Agents.

A series of novel γ-Carboline derivatives were designed and synthesized using the Suzuki coupling reaction to identify the leads for the activity against cancer. Interestingly, these compounds were tested for their anticancer activity against the cell lines, particularly human cancer cell lines MCF7 (breast), A549 (lung), SiHa (cervix), and Colo-205 (colon). Most of the γ-Carboline derivatives showed potent inhibitory activity in four cancer cell lines, according to in vitro anticancer activity screening.

One-pot synthesis of nanocaterpillar structures via in situ nanoparticlization of fully conjugated poly(p-phenylene)-block-polythiophene.

1D nanocaterpillar structures were spontaneously formed during the synthesis of fully conjugated poly(2,5-dihexyloxy-1,4-phenylene)-block-polythiophene due to the strong π-π interactions between the polythiophene blocks. With the elongation of the polythiophene block, nanostructures evolved from nanospheres to nanocaterpillars and their length and height increased with good control.