and MEK Targeted Therapies in Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors.

is a component of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways that play a crucial role in cellular proliferation, differentiation, migration, and angiogenesis. Pediatric central nervous system tumors very often show mutations of the MAPK pathway, as demonstrated by next-generation sequencing (NGS), which now has an increasing role in cancer diagnostics. The MAPK mutated pathway in pediatric CNS tumors is the target of numerous drugs, approved or under investigation in ongoing clinical trials.

Oral Microbiota during Childhood and Its Role in Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis in Children with Cancer.

The human oral cavity harbors the second most abundant microbiota after the gastrointestinal tract, with over 700 species currently identified in the oral microflora. The oral microbiota develops from intrauterine life and after birth is continuously shaped by several influencing factors. The perturbation of the diversity and proportions of species within the oral microbiota leads to dysbiosis and associated increased risk of local and systemic diseases.

Growth hormone replacement therapy in pediatric brain tumor survivors.

Brain tumors are the most frequent type of solid neoplasms in children with a recognized 5-year survival rate between 57% and 65%. The survival rate progressively increased in the last few years, due to the improvements in their treatment based on chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. At the same time, at long term follow-up, clinicians should carefully evaluate comorbidities and long-term sequelae secondary to the disease and its treatment.

Endovascular management of the rectus muscle hematoma.

Purpose: Non-traumatic spontaneous hematoma of the rectus abdominal muscle is not considered a critical condition. Nevertheless, it can be a serious complication in some patients due to continuous and/or consistent bleeding. The most frequent cause of spontaneous rectus muscle hematoma is the anticoagulation therapy.

Transbrachial approach to the treatment of uterine leiomyomas with embolization of the uterine arteries: a preliminary technical experience.

Introduction: Uterine leiomyomas are benign tumours; recently they have been managed with embolization of the uterine arteries. We analysed the technical feasibility, safety and efficacy of this treatment performed via an innovative transbrachial approach, rather than the traditional transfemoral approach.

Materials And Methods: Between 2009 and 2013, 115 patients were treated with embolization of the uterine arteries for one or more symptomatic leiomyomas.