The effect of amikacin and imipenem alone and in combination against an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain.

In vitro and in vivo activities of amikacin and imipenem alone, and in combination, were studied against an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain. The strain was in vitro susceptible to both antimicrobials at 10(5) and 10(7) CFU/mL. In time-kill studies amikacin, imipenem, and amikacin plus imipenem decreased the bacterial counts; difference between the bactericidal effects was not observed.

The effect of different doses of cisplatin on the pharmacokinetic parameters of cefepime in mice.

The simulation of human serum levels is essential in animal models to extrapolate the experimental results to clinical practice. Administration of a nephrotoxic drug such as cisplatin can be used to cause renal dysfunction as an approach to mimic human serum levels of renally excreted drugs. We aimed to determine the dose of cisplatin that did not affect the survival rate of mice and to achieve human-like serum concentrations of cefepime.

In vitro and in vivo activities of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against an SHV-5 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain.

Activities of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against an SHV-5 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain were studied in vitro and in vivo in septic mice using a high inoculum. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was independent of the inoculum size. In killing curve studies, after 24 hours the initial 7.

[Biological effects of microorganisms, their substances and immunosuppressive agents in mice].

The author provide evidence from several aspects that the normal microbial flora has a permanent and life-long immune modulating role in conventional organisms and a stimulating effect both on specific and non-specific defence. However, in case of artificial interventions (stress, drugs) affecting the organism, existence of the normal flora may have an adverse effect (endotoxin effect, bacterial translocation). The immunomodulants show a stimulating affect mainly in organisms with undeveloped immune system, and their effects are independent from the presence or absence of the microbial flora.

In vitro and in vivo activities of amikacin, cefepime, amikacin plus cefepime, and imipenem against an SHV-5 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain.

The in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of amikacin, cefepime, and imipenem was studied using a high inoculum of an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strain. An in vitro susceptibility test at the standard inoculum predicted the in vivo outcome of amikacin or imipenem while it did not do so for cefepime due to the inoculum effect.